Lung-Che Chen
Rice Breeder of
Department of Agronomy
Chia-Yi Agricultural Experiment Station
Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute
Phone: 886-5-2771341
Fax: 886-5-2773630
Email:
Education
M. S. (1986) in Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan
University.
Area of Research Interest
Rice breeding and genetics
Publication
Journal paper
in rice variety, Mudgo. Jour.Taiwan Agr. Res.20(1):57-60
The evidence from F1, F2 and F3 generations of the cross between resistant variety Mudgo and susceptible variety Taichung native 1 fitted the hypothesis that resistance to the brown planthopper in rice variety Mudgo is conditioned by a single dominant gene
2.Chang, W. L. and L. C. Chen 1971. Resistance of rice varieties to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal). Jour.Taiwan Agr. Res.20(3):12-20
Eighteen rice varieties introduced from the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and four local commercial varieties were evaluated for their resistance to the brown planthopper in the first and second crops of 1970 at the Chia-Yi Agricultural Experiment Station. Among IRRI introductions, H105, Muthumanikam, and IR9-60 were rated as highly resistant; Mudgo, ASD7, Kayama MGL 2, Vellanlangalayan, IR747 B2-6-3, and IR1154-243 as resistant; PTB18 as moderately resistant ; DV 139 and AC 435 as moderately susceptible; DK 1, Bir-tsan No.3, IR8 and IR20 as susceptible, and Pankhari 203 and Zenith as highly susceptible. Four local commercial varieties Chianan 8, Tainan 5, Kaohsiung shen 2, and Taichung native 1 all fell in the category of being highly susceptible.
The evidence from F1, F2, and F3 generations of the cross between resistant strain IR9-60 and susceptible varieties Taichung native 1 and IR8 fitted the hypothesis that resistance to the brown planthopper in rice strain IR9-60 is conditioned by a single recessive gene.
3.Chen, L. C., S. C. Yang, T. S. Lee and W. L. Chang 1972. Field performance of certain newly developed brown planthopper resistant strains of rice. Jour.Taiwan Agr. Res.21(1):34-38
Yield performance of 35 newly developed brown planthopper resistant rice strains selected from the crosses between resistant varieties Mudgo and IR9-60 and susceptible varieties IR8 and Taichung native 1 were evaluated at the Chiayi Agricultural Experiment Station. The results showed that most of the 35 rice strains gave considerably higher yields in comparison with check variety Taichung native 1 .These strains were also associated with desirable agronomic characters. Field reaction of 219 strains from the same crosses also showed resistance to brown planthopper when tested under uncontrolled natural condition, indicating that brown planthopper resistance in the seedling stage appears similar to that of the adult stage.
4. Chen, L. C. 1975. Studies on the inheritance of resistance to brown planthopper and green leafhopper in rice . Bull. Taiwan Agr. Res. Ins. No.32:17-21
The reactions of F1, F2 and F3 generations of the crosses between resistant varieties H105 and Samba with susceptible variety Taichung native 1 were evaluated under artifical inoculation with brown planthopper and green leafhopper nymphs. The resulted showed that resistance to the brown planthopper in rice verieties H105 and Samba are conditioned by a single recessive gene. While the two varieties resistant to the green leafhopper are controlled by one dominant gene. From F2 reactions to the two insects showed that genes for resistance to the brown plant- hopper and to the green leafhopper in rice varieties H105 and Samba are indepently inherited.
5.Chen, L. C. and C. C. Chiu 1976. Studies on the grain dormancy and shattering habit of long-grain Indica rice. Jour. Agri. Res. China 25(1):1-6
The dormancy period of Chianung sen varieties differed significantly. Chianung sen 6 appeared to have the longest dormant period of two weeks and Chianung sen 8 had dormant period of 7 days, while Chianung sen 11 had no appreciable period of dormancy.The degree of grain shattering of Chianung sen verieties was in the order of Chianung sen 8, 11 and 6. The shattering resistance of Chianung sen 6 and 8 decreased with the progress of ripening, but the opposite was true with Chianung sen 11.
6.Chen. L. C, W. L. Chang and F. T. Chin 1980. Studies on the varietal differences of pre-harvest sprouting and its relationship with grain dormancy in rice. Natl. Sci. Counc. Monthly, ROC, 8(2):151-161.
The degrae of pre-harvest sprouting varied with varieties. Of 182 entries, 94(51.7%) showed 50 percent or more of pre-harvest sprouting at 35 days afer heading. In general, the Indica varieties had higher resistance to pre-harvest sprouting. These was a positive correlation between pre-harvest sprouting and the growth duration in Indica rices while that of the Japonicas was negative and not significant. Varieties with coloured pericarp were more resistant to pre-harvest sprouting than those without colours.
The period of dormancy appeared to be rather short, but differed markedly with varieties. Among the entries, 105 or 63.2% did not have dormancy or only had a very short period. In general, Indica varieties appeared to have longer dormant periods. A positive correlation between dormant period and the growth duration was obtained for Indica rice varieties while Japonicas showed the negative values. Varieties with coloured pericarp also appeared to have long dormant periods than those with colourless pericarp.
There was a close correlation between pre-harvest sprouting and the dormant period in Indica and Japonica rice varieties. Varieties with higher resistance to pre-harvest sprouting also had longer dormant periods.
7.Chang, W. L., L. C. Chen, and S. C. Yang 1980. Reaction of rice varieties and selections to blast in uniform blast nurseries. Proc. Nat. Sci. Counc., 4(2):195-200
A total of 693 rice varieties or selections were tested for reaction to blast at five uniform blast nurseries during the 5-year period from 1974 to 1978. The incidence of blast disease varied with years and nurseries. In general, Japonica rices were more susceptible to the disease than Indicas, particularly to the leaf blast. The reaction to leaf blast was significantly correlated with that to neck blast, although a lack of agreement was observed in certain entries. Thirteen selections showed an average infection of less than 0.7% for leaf blast and 28.9% for neck blast while eight commercial varieties had moderate resistance (0.9 to 3.0%) to leaf blast and moderate resistance(16.4 to 44.4%) to neck blast. These selections and varieties can be used as sources of resistance in future breeding programs.
8. Chen, L. C. 1983. Studies on the reaction of rice varieties and selections to blast disease. Jour. Agric. Res. China 32(1):1~13
A total of 20 varieties and selections were inoculated with six local main physiological races, and the results indicated that 12(60%) were resistant to all races inoculated, all being Indicas except Tainan 6 and Taitung 29 which are Japonicas. In general, entries resistant to leaf blast were mostly resistant to panicle blast with some exceptions. There was a close correlation between the results of uniform nursery and artifical inoculation test. Varieties and selections with higher resistance to blast in the nursery were resistant to more races and vice versa. The same reaction of entry to inoculum was found in the first and second crops of 1981, and in both Indica and Japonica rices.
9.Yang, S. C., W. L. Chang, C. N. Chao, and L. C. Chen 1988. Development of aromatic rice variety Tainung sen 20. Jour. Agri. Res. China 37(4):349-359
Rice variety Tainung Sen 20 was a selection from the cross between Chianung Shi-pi 671178 and a F4 line, having heavy aromatic flavor, excellent rice quality and resistance to blast disease and brown planthopper. Its plant height was 109-115cm with panicle number of 12-16 per hill, and the growing duration, 107-143 days. It has long grains somewhat slender and shinny, with very few white-belly kernel. The average grain yield at 3 locations in 2 years was 6,o61 kg/ha and 5,371 kg/ha, respectively in the first and second crops. The yield potential was higher at Kao-ping area in the first crop. It is adaptable in where the brown planthopper prevails. This variety is less cold tolerance, therefore, it is not recommended for early planting in the first crop. Since this is easy-shatting, it is not recommended to be grown in the coastal region where monsoon is strong and keep this rice in a cool place for storage to maintain the aromatic flavor.
10.Chen, L. F. O. and L. C. Chen 1989. Inheritance of two endosperm protein loci in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 78(6) 788-792
Previous studies have revealed 2 minor SDS-PAGE bands to be useful as phenotypic markers for storage protein. A variant derived from a Pakistani variety, Dular, was a mobility variant having band 11, a relatively faster-moving band than band 10, while most of the other cultivated rices exhibited band 10 (MW=100-100kDa). Band 11 was also observed in several wild rice species. How this variant occurred is not known. Another marker is characterized by the presence of either band 56 (slower-migrating band) or band 57 (faster-migrating band) in most cultivars (MW=27-28kDa). Most Indica varieties developed in Taiwan have band 57 and Japonica varieties have band 56. Genetic analysis of F1, F2 and F3 grains from interstrain crosses indicated that band 10 versus band 11 and band 56 versus band 57 are due to codominant alleles at 2 loci. Tests of independent inheritance between these 2 loci (band 10/11 versus band 56/57) indicated that there was no linkage between them. Both 2 loci encode endosperm proteins which mainly belong to the minor polypeptide subunits of the glutelin fraction. Studies on reciprocal crosses indicated dosage effects as exhibited in banding patterns. Variations in band intensity were frequently observed when the maternal genotype was different.
The Japonica cv. Tainung 72 was derived from Chianung J662007×Taishousen. In the first and second crop seasons plant height was 97.4 and 102.4 cm, panicles/hill were 17.2 and 14.1, and growth period was 135 and 108 days, respectively. Grain yields were 6.3 and 5.0 t/ha, respectively, which were lower than in the control variety Tainung 68. Tainung 72 is susceptible to lodging but is resistant to brown planthopper, having the Bph l resistance gene from Mudgo. It is recommended for cultivation in the central south region of Taiwan.
Structure and expression of plastid genes in seven spontaneous chroropyll- deficient lethal mutants of rice were investigated. The genes included rbcL for photosynthetic CO2 fixation, psaA-psaB operon and psbD-psbC operon for photosystemⅠphotosystemⅡ, rps14 and 16S rDNA for ribosomal assembly. Northern hybridization analysis indicated that all the mutants lacked the transcripts for these plastid genes. Analyses with polymerase chain reaction revealed that three out of seven mutants contained plastid DNA that suffered various extent of deletion.
14.Wu, Y. P., Y. S. Chen and L. C. Chen 1993. Studies on the
panicle density of rice 1. Classification of panicle density
types, establishment of prediction models and the correlations
with related characters. Jour. Agric. Res. China 42(2):112-120
Using 34 rice cultivars/lines as materials, the principal
component analysis was performed to elucidate the relationships
between the panicle density parameters and its 10 related
characters. Results showed that the first principal component (Z1)
was mainly concerned with the length factor, the primary branch
factor and the total number of spikelets per pancile; The second
principal component (Z2) was largely due to the
pancile weight, the primary branch factor and the total number of
spikelets per panicle; The third principal component (Z3)
was mainly associated with the length of rachis, the number of
primary branches, the number of second branches and the ratio of
the total number of spikelets of second branches and the total
number of spikelets per panicle; while the fourth principal
component (Z4) was mainly performed by the pancile
length, the number of primary branches and the average number of
spikelets per primary branch.
The relationships between the four principal components and
panicle density parameters, evaluated by two different methods K
(Number of spikelets/Total length of rachis and primary branches
in cm) and L (Number of spikelets/10cm panicle length), were
established by stepwise regression analysis method, A total eight
equations were obtained, respectively. Among them, four for
panicle density parameter K and two for panicle density
paramenter L, their coefficients of multiple determination were
very high (>0.84). Equations, K2 (=0.918Z1－0.215Z3,
R2=0.888) and L3 (=0.808Z1+0.374Z2－0.358Z4,
R2=0.920), estimated by the use of the least principal
components, respertively, were selected as the best models for
predicting the panicle density rice.
Moreover, from the relationships between panicle density
parameters and its related characters, it was found that the
higher panicle weight, average number of spikelets of primary
branches, secondary branch factor and the total number of
spikelets per panicle, the higher their pancile density. While,
the panicle length, length of rachis and the sum of the length of
primary branches were down lower as their pancile density toward
high.
From the scatter diagram for the related characters of panicle
density, 34 cultivars/lines, belonging to seven groups, could be
classified into four different panicle density types: very low,
low, middle and high panicle density type.
15.Wu, Y. P., Y. S. Chen and L. C. Chen 1993. Studies on
relationships between panicle weight and its components
elucideted by principal component analysis in rice. Jour. Agric.
Asso China. New ser. 162:1-10
Thirty two rice varieties (lines) were used as materials in this
study, and the principal component analysis was performed to
elucidate the relationships between the panicle weight and its
six components. According to the results of analysis, the first
four components were extracted for study. From the scatter
diagram of 32 varieties (lines) on plane defined by the first and
second principal components, classification of rice varieties
(lines) was made based on the value of panicle weight and the
distance of varieties (lines) on the diagram. All varieties
(lines) were classified into six groups: I-VI. The distinction
among groups was very clear. The higher average nummber of
spikelets per primary branch, number of secondary branches, total
number spikelets of secondary branches, number of spikelets per
panicle and weight of thousand grains of varieties (lines) were,
the higher their panicle weight were. Positive correlations
between panicle and its components were found, except number of
secondary branches. The conclusion from correlation analysis was
a little different from that of the principal component
analysis's. The latter was superior for the study of the
relationships between panicle weight and its components.
The panicle weight was positively correlated to grain yield per
hill, but it was negatively correlated to panicle number.
Therefore, it we want to increase rice yield by breeding
varieties with high panicle weight, the panicle number per unit
area has to be kept not too low.
16.Lin, G. C., F. F. Hou and L. C. Chen 1996. Development of a new glutinous rice variety Taikeng Glutinous No. 3. Res. Bull. Tainan Dist. Agri. Impro. Sta. 33:15-33.
A new Japonica rice variety "Taikeng Glutinous 3"
was developed by Chiayi Branch Station of the Tainan District
Agricultural Station in June, 1995. This variety was selected
from the cross between J752019 and Taikeng Glutinous 1 in 1987.
The breeding line was named "Taikeng yuh 9386" in 1989
from the pedigress of that cross for further experiment. The
observational, preliminary, advanced and the regional yield
trials, as well as other screen testing of this line were
conducted between 1890 and 1994. After evaluation by the
Committee of Registration for New Rice Varieties of the
Provincial Department of Agriculture and Forestry, "Taikeng
Yuh 9386" was finally named as "Taikeng Glutinous
3" in June, 1995. This medium to late maturing variety is
characterized with the merits of stable and high yielding,
resistant to lodging, good grain and cooking quality, and having
acceptable shattering rate.
Research Summaries
According to the current needs to designed the rice breeding programs, rice breeding for good quality and high yielding and the genetic analysis for resistance to major disease and insect pests were conducted at the Chia-yi Agricultural Experiment Station. Among the new varieties recently developed, Tainung 68、70、72, Tainung sen 12、14、18、19、20, Taikeng 7、12、14 and Taikeng glutinous 3、5 were bred by the station and cooperated with the District Agricultural Improvement Stations.